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How To Pull Data From Multiple Tables


I have a db, with several tables in it, I have now reached to the point where I need to pull data from several tables. What is the best way to do this?

Should I put a column in each table, and then insert a unique key in all of them at the time the record(row) is being created? If this is the way to do it, when I am putting the unique key in each table would I just do an insert in each of the tables?




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I have spent more than 24 hours now just trying to build a query to extract data from multiple tables (which are a bit typical) in the format I need but in vain and I am goin MAD now . Any help would be really apprecaited.

I have 5 tables: items, table1, table2, table3, and table4

table1, table2, table3, and table4 have got 368 columns each (366 representing each day of a year plus two additional columns - see below in structures)

structures are as follows:

items: ITEMID, TITLE, DESC ...

table1: ITEMID P1JAN01, P1JAN02, ... P1JAN31, P1FEB01, P1FEB02, ...P1FEB29 ... P1DEC01, P1DEC02 ... P1DEC31, YEAR

table2: ITEMID P2JAN01, P2JAN02, ... P2JAN31, P2FEB01, P2FEB02, ...P2FEB29 ... P2DEC01, P2DEC02 ... P2DEC31, YEAR

table3: ITEMID P3JAN01, P3JAN02, ... P3JAN31, P3FEB01, P3FEB02, ...P3FEB29 ... P3DEC01, P3DEC02 ... P3DEC31, YEAR

table4: ITEMID P4JAN01, P4JAN02, ... P4JAN31, P4FEB01, P4FEB02, ...P4FEB29 ... P4DEC01, P4DEC02 ... P4DEC31, YEAR

Yes they are funny but that's the way they are.

Note: Please note the month names within the column names

Now I need to select SUM of a given month (say JAN) for a particular ITEMID from each of the tables for a given year (say 2006)

for SUM i am using:


PHP

$p1 = "P1JAN01 + P1JAN02 + P1JAN03 + ... P1DEC31"
$p2 = "P2JAN01 + P2JAN02 + P2JAN03 + ... P2DEC31"
$p3 = "P3JAN01 + P3JAN02 + P3JAN03 + ... P3DEC31"
$p4 = "P4JAN01 + P4JAN02 + P4JAN03 + ... P4DEC31"

and then

SELECT $p1, $p2, $p3, $p4 ...


A basic query that I first tried was:


PHP

SELECT
$p1 AS P1,
$p2 AS P2,
$p3 AS P3,
$p4 AS P4
FROM items
LEFT JOIN table1 on table1.ITEMID = items.ITEMID
LEFT JOIN table2 on table2.ITEMID = items.ITEMID
LEFT JOIN table3 on table3.ITEMID = items.ITEMID
LEFT JOIN table4 on table4.ITEMID = items.ITEMID

WHERE

table1.YEAR = 2006 &&
table2.YEAR = 2006 &&
table3.YEAR = 2006 &&
table4.YEAR = 2006


This acts very funny...fetches me only the results which have got entries in all the tables. If there's no entry in any of the tables for a given item then that item is not fetched at all.

The result set i need is something like this

PHP

ITEMID        P1      P2       P3        P4
1            NULL     56       63      NULL
2             36        0     1253     63
3            NULL    NULL     NULL     NULL


and so on...

and these all must be for a given year

I tried playing around with the query with different joins and work arounds but no use. I really need this done soon. I'll be really thankful if you can suggest me anythig that can get me the result set i need. Please let me know if I am not clear anywhere.



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