SQL Server, Master Detail Without Foreign Keys
Mar 27, 2007
As part of a project, I'm not allowed to use foreign keys, well can't. But I have a problem with this master detail relationship (and a very simple one too).
Tables to begin with:
Invoice:
invoiceid : bigint indentity autoincrement primarykey
Detail:
invoiceid: bigint - detailnumber:bigint - desc : char20
Okay - I want to set these two tables up such than when I create a new invoice, and subsequently get the new invoiceid, and I start to add detail records to the detail table, I want the detailnumber to autoincrement when I do an SQL Insert. Right now I have detailnumber as the primary key, so when you view the detail records, it looks like:
(invoiceid, detailnumber, desc) 1,1,text - 1,2,text - 1,3,text - 2,4, text on another invoice - 3,5, text
I want it to work like:
(invoiceid, detailnumber, desc) 1,1,text - 1,2,text - 1,3,text - 2,1, text on another invoice - 3,1, text
where the invoiceid and the detail number make up the primary key.
I seem to recall you could do this is PHP before it had foreign keys & such, and I'm completely drawing a blank on this. BTW - I'm using enterprise manager to set this up, but I can use QA with a sample script to acheive the same.
I realize this may be (and probably is) off-topic here, but I can't figure out where to ask.
Thanks in advance.
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Mar 25, 2008
Hello,
I'm new to SQL and need help with a query. Not sure if this is the right place.
I have 2 tables, one MASTER and one DETAIL.
The MASTER table has a masterID, name and the DETAIL table has a detailID, masterID, and value columns.
I want to return a populated MASTER table with entries based on the DETAIL.value.
SELECT MASTER.*
FROM MASTER
WHERE DETAIL.value > 3
This is a simplified version of my problem. I can't figure out how to set the relationship between MASTER.masterID and DETAIL.masterID. If I do an INNER JOIN, the number of results are based on the number of DETAIL entries. I only want one entry per MASTER entry.
Hope this makes sense.
How can I do this?
GrkEngineer
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Sep 4, 2014
CREATE TABLE DHS(CUSTOMERNBR VARCHAR(20), CONTRACT VARCHAR(20), SUBCONTRACT VARCHAR(20) , STARTDATE DATETIME, ENDDATE DATETIME, EFLAG VARCHAR(20), HFLAG VARCHAR(20))
The data which will be going into this table is from two table which have a 1 to many relationship:
Here is the 1 side and data:
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS(
CUSTOMERNBR VARCHAR(20),
CONTRACT VARCHAR(20),
SUBCONTRACT VARCHAR(20),
STARTDATE DATETIME,
ENDDATE DATETIME DEFAULT '12/31/2099')
[Code] ....
Here is the Many side and data:
CREATE TABLE FLAGS(CUSTOMERNBR VARCHAR(20), FLAGCODE VARCHAR(20), STARTDATE DATETIME, ENDDATE DATETIME DEFAULT '12/31/2099')
INSERT INTO FLAGS(CUSTOMERNBR, FLAGCODE, STARTDATE, ENDDATE) VALUES('10001000101', 'H', '02/01/2014', '03/31/2014')
[Code] ....
The CUSTOMERS table holds the record date span into which the FLAGS table records have to "fit". In no case will the date spans from the FLAGS table fall outside the STARTDATE - ENDDATE span in the CUSTOMERS table for any CUSTOMERNBR. Here is an example of the final expected output in the DHS table from combining records in the CUSTOMERS and FLAGS tables:
CUSTOMERNBRCONTRACTSUBCONTRACTSTARTDATEENDDATEEFLAGHFLAG
10001000101A910400801/01/201401/31/2014
10001000101A910400802/01/201403/21/2014H
10001000101A910400804/01/201404/30/2014
10001000101A910400805/01/201405/31/2014H
10001000101A910400806/01/201412/31/2099E
10001000102A555500101/01/201403/31/2014E
10001000102A555500104/01/201404/30/2014EH
10001000102A555500105/01/201406/30/2014E
10001000102A555500107/01/201412/31/2099
10001000103A666600401/01/201410/01/2014
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Mar 14, 2015
I have two tables. Order table and order detail table.
What I want to do is send notification to a service when an order is created. And I want to include both header and detail of the order.
I can't get working with on insert trigger . How to go around with trigger ?
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Apr 11, 2006
Hello again,
I'm going through my tables and rewriting them so that I can create relationship-based constraints and create foreign keys among my tables. I didn't have a problem with a few of the tables but I seem to have come across a slightly confusing hiccup.
Here's the query for my Classes table:
Code:
CREATE TABLE Classes
(
class_id
INT
IDENTITY
PRIMARY KEY
NOT NULL,
teacher_id
INT
NOT NULL,
class_title
VARCHAR(50)
NOT NULL,
class_grade
SMALLINT
NOT NULL
DEFAULT 6,
class_tardies
SMALLINT
NOT NULL
DEFAULT 0,
class_absences
SMALLINT
NOT NULL
DEFAULT 0,
CONSTRAINT Teacher_instructs_ClassFKIndex1 FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id)
REFERENCES Users (user_id)
)
This statement runs without problems and I Create the relationship with my Users table just fine, having renamed it to teacher_id. I have a 1:n relationship between users and tables AND an n:m relationship because a user can be a student or a teacher, the difference is one field, user_type, which denotes what type of user a person is. In any case, the relationship that's 1:n from users to classes is that of the teacher instructing the class. The problem exists when I run my query for the intermediary table between the class and the gradebook:
Code:
CREATE TABLE Classes_have_Grades
(
class_id
INT
PRIMARY KEY
NOT NULL,
teacher_id
INT
NOT NULL,
grade_id
INT
NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT Grades_for_ClassesFKIndex1 FOREIGN KEY (grade_id)
REFERENCES Grades (grade_id),
CONSTRAINT Classes_have_gradesFKIndex2 FOREIGN KEY (class_id, teacher_id)
REFERENCES Classes (class_id, teacher_id)
)
Query Analyzer spits out: Quote: Originally Posted by Query Analyzer There are no primary or candidate keys in the referenced table 'Classes' that match the referencing column list in the foreign key 'Classes_have_gradesFKIndex2'. Now, I know in SQL Server 2000 you can only have one primary key. Does that mean I can have a multi-columned Primary key (which is in fact what I would like) or does that mean that just one field can be a primary key and that a table can have only the one primary key?
In addition, what is a "candidate" key? Will making the other fields "Candidate" keys solve my problem?
Thank you for your assistance.
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Jul 16, 2014
what the best practice is for creating indexes on columns that are foreign keys to the primary keys of other tables. For example:
[Schools] [Students]
---------------- -----------------
| SchoolId PK|<-. | StudentId PK|
| SchoolName | '--| SchoolId |
---------------- | StudentName |
-----------------
The foreign key above is as:
ALTER TABLE [Students] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Students_Schools]
FOREIGN KEY([SchoolId]) REFERENCES [Schools] ([SchoolId])
What kind of index would ensure best performance for INSERTs/UPDATEs, so that SQL Server can most efficiently check the FK constraints? Would it be simply:
CREATE INDEX IX_Students_SchlId ON Students (SchoolId)
Or
CREATE INDEX IX_Students_SchlId ON Students (SchoolId, StudentId)
In other words, what's best practice for adding an index which best supports a Foreign Key constraint?
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Nov 22, 2007
Hello!I have a table A with fields id,startdate and other fields. id and startdateare in the primary key.In the table B I want to introduce a Foreign key to field id of table A.Is this possible? If yes, which kind of key I have to build in table A?Thx in advance,Fritz
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Jan 25, 2008
I think I did this before but how do you designate foreign keys in SQL Server Management Studio?
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Jun 30, 2015
I have question about the size of foreign key’s in sql-server 2012. If I in one table had a foreign key of the “INT” type. Do it still cost 4 bytes of storage?
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Jan 7, 2007
Hello community,I think my problem is easy to solve even though I did not find a solution through different tutorials and help pages. Here it is (select statements are hier simplified):In the gridview "GridView1" I have a master record with person_id, which is the data-key-value. There is also another id-field named task_id (This record comes from a database view which joins the persons- and the tasks- table) SelectCommand="SELECT [id], [person_id], [task_id] FROM [ViewPersonTasks] WHERE ([id] =
@id)"For both fields I want to display details in two different detail-views. One for the person (depending on person_id) and one for the tasks (depending on the task_id).The first one is easy. I declare a details-view for the person data based on a SqlDataSource with a control-parameter like this: SelectCommand="SELECT [person_id], [first_name], [last_name], [birth_date] FROM [TabPersons] WHERE ([person_id] = @person_id)" .... <SelectParameters> <asp:ControlParameter ControlID="GridView1" Name="person_id" PropertyName="SelectedValue" Type="Int32" /> </SelectParameters>But now the problem: how should I declare a parameter @task_id for the task_id, so that the second select statement for the tasks-details-view retrievs the data for the tasks: SelectCommand="SELECT [task_id], [task_name],
[task_date], [task_description] FROM [TabTasks] WHERE ([task_id] =
@task_id)"@task_id should have the value from the task_id-field of the master record, displayd in the master grid-view.Thank you in advance for your help
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Aug 14, 2007
I'd like to put together a summary report for some of my management staff. The report should show the # of jobs that match about 20 different statuses. Each status has different criteria. For example, one might look for a date in a datetime field and the type of job. Another might look at whether a date has passed and the quantity we're shipping.
Sort of like this:
Status Items Jobs
Status #1: 50000 15
Status #2: 25251 3
I want the user to see this summary information, but also have drill down capability. I'd like the ability to print the summary or just a drill-down.
I'm also considering using Dundas Charts for RS on the report.
Can I accomplish this with Reporting Services? If so, any tips on how to do it? If this a bunch of sub-reports? Can I sum the # of jobs on a sub-report? Should I be looking at BI for this?
Or should I be working on a Forms-based?
Thanks!
Brian
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Apr 7, 2008
Hi, can anyone help me? I want to know whether is it possible to insert records simultaneously in both master & detail tables?
For elaboration, say there is a master table contains (orderid,orderdate,amount) and details table contains (orderid, productid,qty,price). 1 record of master table associated with n records of details table. Can it be possible to insert both the 1 record at master table with n records in details table in a single sql statement?
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Sep 20, 2007
Hi Experts,
I need to know the best approach to save data in master table and then in detail table.
I know this method but i know it's not a good approach why i will explain
Insertion in Master Table..................................... A
Insertion in Detail Table........................................B
Now if there is any exception occurred while step A then the step B will not take place which is ok but if there is exception while step B then the process A will have completed
i.e the data in master table will be Inserted/Deleted/Updated but there will not be a corresponding action in Detail table which is not good approach.
So please can any one tell me a good approach for this.
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Nov 30, 2007
I need to export data to a text file in the following format:
Master Record
Detail Record Detail Record
Detail Record
Master Record
Detail Record
...
Example would be:
Master Record Format:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
RecordType|FirstName|LastName
Detail Record Format:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
RecordType|Order#|OrderedItem
Sample Data:
M|Micheal|Smith
D|123|1-123-1
D|123|1-123-2
M|John|Smith
D|142|1-444-1
D|142|1-444-3
Could someone direct me how I can acomlish this task using SSIS?
Thanks -
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Aug 4, 2015
I have taken on a contract to improve reporting for an old HR database that was developed using FoxPro (Visual FoxPro, I think) with the data stored in SQL Server 2000. There are no foreign keys in SQL Server 2000 so the relationships are maintained inside FoxPro.Is there a way of extracting the relationships from the FoxPro code and generate foreign keys in SQL Server, so that I can do proper design?
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Sep 30, 2007
Hi !
I want to insert master/detail data using transaction if while insert if error it will Rollback. Help me! Thanks
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Feb 19, 2004
SQL Server 2000
Help! Surely this has happened to others before me. A new customer wants to send updates in a fixed-width txt file in which master and detail rows alternate.
How do you do this?
Do you:
1) Painfully muck around with 100,000 rows in the .txt file first--split it into 2 files, one for master records and one for detail records and then process? If so, what do you use? I'd probably hack at it with a VB Script module in a DTS package.
or
2) Is there a way to feed it into 2 tables where rows starting with x go to one table and rows starting with y go to another?
The plan was to use a fast and dirty DTS package to shove this stuff into a table (probably 2 but we might just toss the stuff we don't need and put in in one) but I'd like some advice on how to proceed.
Thanks for any suggestions!
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Jun 24, 2008
Dear Sir
Thank for your reply but our requirements are not this
I am fully explain my requirements
In Master table have 5 columns; In Master Table stored all records.
NameAppidFunctionCodeFunNameSubFunCode
Ad630Manual0
Ad630Log10
Data810Summary0
Data820View0
Data830&View0
Data840Row10
Ad630Mbl20
In second Table store those records who are selected and stored in 2nd table.
NameAppidFunctionCodeFunNameSubFunCode
Data810Summary0
Data820View0
Data830&View0
Ad630Mbl20
Our requirements we use one query,
In query fetch total 5 rows. and output show like this
NameAppidFunctionCodeFunNameSubFunCode
Ad630Manual0N
Ad630Log10N
Data810Summary0Y
Data820View0Y
Data830&View0Y
Data840Row0N
Ad630Mbl20Y
Please immediate reply me,
I am waiting your reply.
Thanks Asit Sinha
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Jul 27, 2007
I'd like to create a master-detail output from SQL2005 to display in a page using classic ASP. Ideally, I want the output to contain a <div> to show/hide the order details beneathe the order header, as shown below.
OrderNo OrderDate
1001 7/27/2007
+ <div to show/hide>
Item Description
AAA desc_for_itemAAA
BBB desc_for_itemBBB
+ </div>
1002 7/26/2007
+ <div to show/hide>
Item Description
CCC desc_for_itemCCC
+ </div>
I currently just have a stored procedure returning the results and it is very slow as I'm simply querying the details section for each order header. Does anyone have any ideas on how I can create an efficient and fast method for returning these results in the format above?
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Jan 29, 2007
I have multiple drop down lists that I would like to have send parameters to a stored procedure that does a select on the data. (Kind of like a search feature) But if a ddl isnt populated, I want that to act like a * and get all. For instance, I have a persontype, state, and country drop down lists. If I drop the state one down to WA, I want the gridview to populate with all the people in WA regardless or their type. If I populate type and state, have it give me both regardless of country.
What does the stored procedure or select syntax look like for this? (What would the default values of my dropdown boxes?)
my current sql select statement (The bottom 3 are bit fields which are throwing me off a bit too). do i need to have some IsNull statments around each variable in the select?SELECT
PersonFirstName
, PersonLastName
, PersonStreetAddress
, PersonCity
, PersonZip
, PersonEmail
, PersonEmailDate
, PersonPhone1
, PersonNotes
, InterestChapterLeaders
, InterestMembers
, InterestUniLeader
, PersonGradYear
, PersonTypeID
, CountryID
, StateID
, SchoolID
, PersonID
FROM tblPerson
WHERE
tblPerson.PersonTypeID = @PersonTypeID
and tblPerson.StateID = @StateID
and tblPerson.CountryID = @CountryID
and tblPerson.SchoolID = @SchoolID
and tblPerson.InterestChapterLeaders = @InterestChapterLeaders
and tblPerson.InterestMembers = @InterestMembers
and tblPerson.InterestUniLeader = @InterestUniLeader
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Oct 1, 2007
now i want to learn how to make a stored procedure to insert a record to `purchase` table, and many records to `purchase_detail` table with transaction where the some value are passed from vb6 through the parameters. i've made a SP to insert 1 record to `purchase` table n 1 record to `purchase_detail` just for testing, so i set the disc value to 10. it works fine... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CREATE PROCEDURE `usp_save_purchase`(xpurch_id VARCHAR(10), xpurch_date VARCHAR(10), xsupp_id VARCHAR(10), xitem_id VARCHAR(10), xqty TINYINT(3), xprice DOUBLE(15,2)) BEGIN START TRANSACTION; INSERT INTO purchase(purch_id,purch_date,supplier_id) VALUES(xpurch_id, xpurch_date, xsupplier_id); INSERT INTO purchase_detail(purch_id,item_id,qty,price,disc) VALUES(xpurch_id, xitem_id, xqty, xprice, 10); COMMIT; END --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- what i need is something like that but i only pass 3 variables (purch_id, purch_date, and supp_id) to SP, and then the SP will insert 1 record of purchase to `purchase` table, and add the purchase items to `purchase_detail` automatically from `purch_temp` table, and use the disc rate based on `supplier_id` and `item_id` from supplier_disc table, which will be looked something like this: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CREATE PROCEDURE `usp_save_purchase`(xpurch_id VARCHAR(10), xpurch_date VARCHAR(10), xsupp_id VARCHAR(10)) BEGIN START TRANSACTION; INSERT INTO purchase(purch_id,purch_date,supplier_id) VALUES(xpurch_id, xpurch_date, xsupplier_id); /*start looping here get the disc rate for each items where supp_id = xsupplier_id and item_id = the item_id from purch_temp table, and save it in a local variable (let's say local_disc) INSERT INTO purchase_detail(purch_id,item_id,qty,price,disc) VALUES(xpurch_id, xitem_id, xqty, xprice, local_disc); */ COMMIT; END --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- can anyone help me please? thank you in advance...
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Feb 28, 2002
I need to write a sql query which is a master-detail query. Here's the example structure of tables:
Master table:
ColID as longint, ColA as int, ColB as int, ColPartID as longint, ColPartName as longint
Child table -- Wheel:
ColID as longint, ColA as int, ColB as int
Child table -- Door:
ColID as longint, ColA as int, ColB as int
Child table -- Window:
ColID as longint, ColA as int, ColB as int
..... etc
From the master table, it needs to join with its child in order to get the detailed information. However, there're more than one child table for it to join. In other words, the query has to choose the correct child table to join for each row selectively. The use of correct child depends on one of the columns in its master table (ColPartName).
My question is: Does it worth of me keep finding a solution for this query or should I abandon this? I really need some advice, please.
Many thanks,
Leonard
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Aug 26, 2014
I have been asked to give the users the ability to copy a set of records within the database. The current setup is
Master Table: JSA1
JSAID: (PK, int, not null)
JOBTITLE(nvarchar(200), null)
PlantNumber(int, not null)
Detail Table: tblSteps
STEPID (PK, int, not null)
JSAID (FK, int, not null)
StepNo (int, null)
BasicSteps (nvarchar(200), null)
DBPhoto(varbinary(max), null)
The plant number field is a location based field that the application uses to filter/select data on for the end users. What they want to be able to do is to select a record, select another location from a dropdown list and then click a button that duplicates the master record and the detail records to the new location.
I am thinking that a stored procedure passing the JSAID and new Location number to do it, I am just not sure how to get the new ID when I go to copy the detail records.
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Aug 19, 2007
Almost new to ssrs, accessing Oracle's stored procedures to feed the reports (no other choice), working on a master/detail report and badly stuck. This report needs to access 3 stored procedures one for master and two for small tables under it. The master's order ID is fed to the two stored procedures that may or may not pull any thing for certain order ID's
I am approaching it by creating 2 datasets and a page-long list, added desired text boxes and a table in the list, grouped the list on order ID and passing it to tables using default values etc. but keep getting the following message.
"The Group expression for the table table1 refers to the field ProductName. Report item expressions can only refer to fields within the current data set scope or, if inside an aggregate, the specified data set scope".
The list seems to be associated to one dataset only and any item in it cannot refer to anyother dataset, even if I try to access the table's dataset in its properties (The 'current data set scope' implies that).
(Not sure what will happen when I will try to add the second table and dataset with the same parameter name).
How should I approach this issue. I will appreciate help, if explained in steps but won't mind a good tip.
Thanks.
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Dec 15, 2006
Hallo,
I'm currently strugling with the setup of our packages for deployment to a new environment.
We are working with a master/detail package setup. One master package is created that will call all child packages. In the master package we don't have any connection towards our source and/or target databases/sourcesystems.
Everything works fine, however, starting to deploy the whole set of packages, it seems that we don't have the option to set specific properties of our detailed packages, e.g. connection properties. But this is just what we need.
When we are adding a job in the Job Agent for our master package to be scheduled, we want to be able to set all different connection manager properties, not only the one from the master package and definitely the ones from the detailed packages as there we switch the connections from the development environment towards the acceptance environment.
I tried to fix this with parent package variables, but I can't set the password property, only the ServerName and UserName can be set, not the Password.
Anyone an idea what the easiest and best approach is to solve this burden?
Thx
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Mar 3, 2014
I have a master detail reports in one page. Master report displays all the products and details report shows their orders... What I want is, when user clicks on products graph its detail graph show the orders of that particular record on the same page. Both reports would remain visible on the same page side by side.
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Oct 26, 2007
I am attempting to setup a Master-Details with GridView/DetailsView but I can't seem to find any information on using a stored procedure that requires parameters with the SqlDataSource control. SelectCommandType specifies that you are using a stored proc. SelectCommand specifies the name of the proc, but I haven't found any information on how to pass a parameter to the stored procedure.Is it even possible or do I have to forget about using the DetailsView control altogether?
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Apr 17, 2007
Can any body tell me how to know to what columns of other table it refers to.
shiva kumar
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Aug 24, 1999
Could someone enlighten me as to the advantage of using the foreign key tab when in table design mode in the Enterprise Manager. Does it have any advantages ?? Is it necessary ??
thanks in advance
Paul
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Mar 29, 2001
I haven't tried, but does anyone know if its possible to a have a foreign key for two tables when the tables reside in different databases (on the same server)?
Thanks,
Doug Smith
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Oct 25, 2001
l'm trying to do inserts on tables with foreign keys and they keep crashing. Can somebody please help.Whats the best way of populating data that has foreign keys?
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Oct 4, 2004
How would I drop a foreign Key?
Thanks
Lystra
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Mar 10, 2004
I need to know if this is required? I have products, with the help of their business account numbers, are naturally categorized numerically. I want to create a product category table and a product account table.
Example :
tbProductCategories
TypeCode | Description
1000 | Cups
2000 | Plates
tbProductAccounts
Account | Description
1001 | Mug
1002 | Glass
2001 | Plate
2002 | Saucer
With the above tables (which are made up :) ), would you include
a foreign key in tbProductAccounts indicating the type code?
What would the stored proc look like without it?
Create Procedure usp_GetProductAccounts
@iTypeCode int
AS
SELECT tbProductAccounts.Account,
tbProductAccounts.Description
FROM tbProductAccounts
WHERE tbProductAccounts.Account - iTypeCode > 0 AND < 999
Would this work? Or should the foriegn key always be included?
Mike B
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